Finances

The costs associated with maintaining security of supply are covered by way of the extra-budgetary National Emergency Supply Fund. Managed by the National Emergency Supply Agency, the fund is used to cover all the expenses resulting from emergency stockpiling, technical redundancy arrangements and preparedness planning.

The NESA’s balance sheet in 2022 totalled EUR 2.3 billion. Revenue in 2022 was EUR 222.8 million. Profit in 2022 was EUR 40.3 million. The NESA’s profit consists of strategic stockpile fees associated with imported energy goods, which are collected alongside excise duties for electricity, coal (heating), natural gas (heating), petrol and fuel oil (diesel, light, heavy). The fee is approximately 0.5 per cent of the retail price of the goods and is transferred to the National Emergency Supply Fund as income.

Amount of the strategic stockpile fee:

Electricity                 €0.00013/kWh
Coal (heating)                      €1.18/t
Natural gas (heating)        €0.084/t
Petrol                                €0.0068/l
Diesel and light fuel oil  €0.0035/l
Heavy fuel oil                €0.0028/kg

Other funding sources include loans (up to EUR 200 million), internal financing and holdings.

The NESA adheres to economic principles in emergency stockpiling, provided that the safeguarding of security of supply does not require otherwise. The NESA is not, however, a commercial enterprise, as the purpose of its material procurement is to stockpile goods in preparation for crises. All stockpiles are integrated into natural logistics chains and all goods are commercially saleable and comply with environmental norms. Due to the purpose of the operations, detailed information on the stockpiles is classified.

The National Emergency Supply Agency has numerous cooperation agreements with companies regarding the management of stockpiles and the circulation of the goods included in them. The quality and quantity of materials is systematically monitored. Goods are circulated and exchanged by way of trading so as to avoid loss in quality and quantity.

The National Emergency Supply Agency also receives income from investments in shares, the most notable of which are Fingrid Oyj and Suomen Huoltovarmuusdata Oy.